tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-41613919052743078222024-02-20T00:16:01.011-08:00Northeast Naturalist ServicesPublished by Alberto Mimo
Notes and Comments from around New England and the WorldAlberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.comBlogger25125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-89761571512549498302020-12-26T07:48:00.001-08:002020-12-26T07:48:44.327-08:00Working with Speciemns<p> <!--[if !mso]>
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Journal</span></b></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-padding-alt: 1.0pt 4.0pt 1.0pt 4.0pt; padding: 0in; text-align: center;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Convert your classroom into a museum and teach your students
to keep a natural history and laboratory journal</span></b></p>
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<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIzoc4u5exovGBUhHw2zEvd-qaif4l4zuUtPSLuLKi2Lsw_Cl5pSF3rDqhy18dq92IYGzZTce0NIGBP8EvkAWzIP8c73SpZNW0jBLkpGML3-IRaVxDAZ9CZUC_2H1x8xnl8kqOpk85cTo/s640/IMG_2086.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIzoc4u5exovGBUhHw2zEvd-qaif4l4zuUtPSLuLKi2Lsw_Cl5pSF3rDqhy18dq92IYGzZTce0NIGBP8EvkAWzIP8c73SpZNW0jBLkpGML3-IRaVxDAZ9CZUC_2H1x8xnl8kqOpk85cTo/s320/IMG_2086.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>
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<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="mso-no-proof: yes;"> </span></p>
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</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #548dd4; font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-themecolor: text2; mso-themetint: 153;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 20.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Working with Specimens and Collecting
Data on a Personal Journal</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Introduction
to collecting</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Your classroom should be a natural history
museum. Years of working with students and going out into the field should
result in a collection of many different and interesting things. But the truth
is that these things will be interesting only if you have cared for them,
cataloged and keep them in a safe place and all that with the help of your
students.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">I do not have a classroom but my office is a
small museum, containing a pretty large collection of fossils, my collection of
fresh water crustaceans is so big that it is located at the collections
department of the University of Connecticut at the Ecology and Evolutionary
Biology Department. I have, through the years, collected more than 450 plant
specimens that are all mounted and cataloged in a herb<br />arium collection; I also
have a large collection of Periphyton samples collected in many streams
throughout the Western part of the state of Connecticut with more than 100,000
specimens and more than 200 species. In addition, I also have insects,
copepods, daphnia and much more. Every time I do some research I keep the
specimens, do not throw anything away and catalog and archive everything.
Because I work with invertebrates, the only way I can identify them to species
is by killing them. I never collect endanger, threatened or species of special
concern, and I have state permits to collect.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Education Collecting Permits can be obtained
through the Department of Environmental Protection or Fish and Wildlife
Agencies.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In the field world, catching specimens does
not mean we need to keep them. When I do fish inventories I do not keep any, I
measure them, take a scale, and send them back on their happy way to the river,
lake or ocean. But I keep the data! When I work with the Japanese crabs I also
collect them, measure them, see where they were living and then put them back
on the same location I had to gather them from. But keep the data! </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Keeping
the catch</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The idea of collecting for research purposes
is different for many reasons. If you are doing an inventory and you need to
prove that a certain species came from a particular locality, then you need to
have proof of what it is. You need to collect them and put them in a museum.
You can take a picture if it was a mammal or a bird but an invertebrate is
different, they are too small and you will probably need a microscope to
identify it. The same happens with most flowering plants such as goldenrods or
asters. You may have the genus correct, but there may be many other species
that look alike. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Collecting has forever been the way that we
have excited kids to become a naturalist. Collecting insects and invertebrates
on the ocean beach is the way to get the students involved in doing some
biology. But on many occasions I see the teachers asking the students to bring
10 plants to the classroom and then after they look at them they whole catch
ends in the waste basket. What a waste!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">How about asking each kid to bring one
well-collected plant? Take the plant and do some drawings and pictures,
identify the plant, add the plant with all the data such as location and date
collected into a data base in excel, and then add the plant to a class
herbarium collection for future reference. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">So let’s start here to learn how to do all
this right?</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Field
and laboratory techniques in collecting specimens</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Fossil
collecting</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">I like to collect fossils in the field but
that limits my collection because I like to have fossils from all over the
world and I will not be able to travel to all these locations. So here is my
story with one particular fossil.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Most
of my fossils come from a rock, mineral and fossil show. The following fossil
was acquired in Springfield MA at the Big E show. The show happens every year!</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEblxQst43nU46AhVo930el6dY7yvJcSX9JgCE3RLZx3T8fh-Wsim_PDZ0c8D5P-6b2yfDNGhPyqy737Ro0Lp6hfdOEKh41CYJuYJP4xCf3gYjk0_2PoRMy7z5tFUyjJzEWrMQoGOsZXc/s2048/IMG_2270+%25281%2529.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiEblxQst43nU46AhVo930el6dY7yvJcSX9JgCE3RLZx3T8fh-Wsim_PDZ0c8D5P-6b2yfDNGhPyqy737Ro0Lp6hfdOEKh41CYJuYJP4xCf3gYjk0_2PoRMy7z5tFUyjJzEWrMQoGOsZXc/s320/IMG_2270+%25281%2529.JPG" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
fossil was already identified as Weevil Cocoon or Leptopius duponti and came
with the following information:</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Next
step was to collect as much information and write it on my fossil journal</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">When
working with students, they need to do all this. This will teach them to be
neat, organized, understand science and how it works and in the future when
they are older, they can go back to your classroom and find their old
contributions to your classroom museum. Also by doing the research, they will
learn about the organism natural history including evolution, classification,
and so forth. This activity includes writing, reading and art.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Working
with plants</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ask
your students to collect one plant. Not one leave, not one steam, one whole
plant and if possible with some of the roots. An exception is trees or any
shrub.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The
same day the plants come to your classroom, they need to be identified. It is
much more difficult to do that once they start wilting. Put the plants in some water.
There are a number of guides that will help you with that. Here are some
examples:</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Once
the plant has been identified, the kids need to fill a Herbarium form: Form at
the end of the lesson.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">You
also need to start an excel file that will help you keep a data base of the
plants you have. </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Example:</span></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: .9pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; width: 828px;">
<tbody><tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: none; border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Scientific Name</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Family</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Commun Name</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-bottom: none; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Town</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Oxalis stricta</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Oxalidaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">YELLOW WOOD SORREL</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Torrington</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Thlaspi arenses</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Brassicaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Field Pennycrest</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Derby</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Glechoma hideraceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lamiaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">GILL OVER THE GROUND</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Sharon</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Prunus spp.</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rosaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ornamental Cherrie</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Danbury</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Viola papilionacea</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Violaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Common B violet</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Danbury</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Melilotus officinalis</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fabaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">YELLOW SWEET CLOVER</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Brandford</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Solanum dulcamara</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Solanaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">BITTERSWEET NIGHTSHADE</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Brandford</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rosa Multiflora</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rosaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">MULTIFLORA ROSA</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Brandford</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Lotus carniculatus</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Fabaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Brandford</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Petentia erecta</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rosaceae</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225"><br /></td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Brandford</span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="height: 12.75pt; mso-yfti-irow: 11; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td nowrap="" style="border-left: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.75pt;" valign="bottom" width="160">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 82.85pt;" valign="bottom" width="110">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="height: 12.75pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 169.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="225">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-right-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 65.5pt;" valign="bottom" width="87">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
<td nowrap="" style="border: none; height: 12.75pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 184.0pt;" valign="bottom" width="245">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Now
you need to place your plant on a plant press to dry. Drying will take several
months so your plants will be ready to be mounted in the winter.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Plant
Press</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Herbarium
form and mounted plant</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mounted
plant with the label</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">When
a student works with only one plant and learns to identify it and label it and
look at its natural history, the whole education experience goes much
farther.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is not a question of each
student bringing many plants; your 30 kids will make for the quantity.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In
addition to having a herbarium, I also have a journal where I write about each
plant. Add drawings and photos.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Journal
entry</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Terrestrial
Insects</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">I use sweep nets to collect insects. Air nets
are only good for butterflies and some other delicate insects. Our Class
objective would be to cover several insect orders. Each order needs to be pined
in a special way. Pining insects is an art. There are several web instructions
to do this. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.homesciencetools.com/content/reference/IN-INSEPIN.pdf"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">https://www.homesciencetools.com/content/reference/IN-INSEPIN.pdf</span></a></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MT5VGlSCtg4"><i><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MT5VGlSCtg4</span></i></a></span><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #666666; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/sites/default/files/PINNING__INSECTS.pdf"><i><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">http://extension.oregonstate.edu/umatilla/sites/default/files/PINNING__INSECTS.pdf</span></i></a></span><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #666666; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/36900"><i><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">https://bugguide.net/node/view/36900</span></i></a></span><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #666666; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Identifying insects to the
order is easy. I recommend using the Paterson Guide to insects or any other
insect guide. There are field guides to the butterflies, to the moths, to the
ants, to the dragonflies and much more.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">BOTANICAL
DATA COLLECTION SHEET</span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">DATE:_______________________<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>TOWN: _____________________________</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">SITE INFORMATION:
_______________________________________________</span></p>
<div style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.5pt; border: none; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="border: none; mso-border-bottom-alt: solid windowtext 1.5pt; mso-padding-alt: 0in 0in 1.0pt 0in; padding: 0in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">LATITUDE: ___________<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>LONGITUDE: ____________<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ALTITUDE: __________ </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Habitat Type:</span></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<h1><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Edge</span></h1>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<h1><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Forest
continued</span></h1>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<h1><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Wetlands</span></h1>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<h1><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Miscellaneous</span></h1>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<h1><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Miscellaneous</span></h1>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1) Upland/wetland</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">8)Oak</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">16) Herbaceous marsh</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">23) Dune</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">30) Rocky outcrop</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">2)Field/forest</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">9) Floodplain </span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">17) Bog</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">24) Open field</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">31) Beach</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">3) Lake edge</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">10) N Hardwoods</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">18) Fen</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">25) Old field</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">32) Rocky coast</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">4) Roadside</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">11) Upland red maple</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">19) Shrub wetland</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">26) Stream Bank</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">33) Abandoned lot/old home site</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<h1><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Forest</span></h1>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">12) Oak/ Hickory</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">20) Cedar swamp</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">27) Yard/garden</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">5) Aspen/birch</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">13) Pitch pine</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">21) Red m. swamp</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">28) Ag. Field</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">6) White pine</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">14) Hemlock</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">22) Salt marsh</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">7) Oak/pine</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">15) Spruce/fir</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">34) Other Habitats:
______________________________________________________</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Is
this plot along a trailside?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Yes<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>No</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Site Conditions</span></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 113.4pt;" valign="top" width="151">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Canopy Closure</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.0in;" valign="top" width="96">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">0-25%</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 77.0pt;" valign="top" width="103">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">26-50%</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.0pt;" valign="top" width="89">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">51-75%</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.0in;" valign="top" width="96">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">76-100%</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.4pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 113.4pt;" valign="top" width="151">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aspect</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.0in;" valign="top" width="96">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">North<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>NE</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 77.0pt;" valign="top" width="103">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">East SE</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.0pt;" valign="top" width="89">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">South<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>SW</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.0in;" valign="top" width="96">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">West<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>NW</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.4pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Flat</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 113.4pt;" valign="top" width="151">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Soil Moisture</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.0in;" valign="top" width="96">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Xeric</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 77.0pt;" valign="top" width="103">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mesic</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 67.0pt;" valign="top" width="89">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Saturated</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 1.0in;" valign="top" width="96">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Inundated</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 41.4pt;" valign="top" width="55">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Comments:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<br clear="ALL" style="mso-ignore: vglayout;" />
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Species: ______________________ Common
name:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>____________________________</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-firstrow: yes; mso-yfti-irow: 0;">
<td colspan="2" style="border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.6pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Abundance</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.4pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Single plant</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.0pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">>20</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.45pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">20-99</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.1pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">100-999</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-left: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.25pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><1000</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.6pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Distribution</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.4pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Single Plant</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.0pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Evenly sparse</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.45pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Single patch</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.1pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Multiple Patches</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.25pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dense</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 66.1pt;" valign="top" width="88">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">% Cover</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.9pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">> 1%</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.7pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">1-5%</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.75pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">6-25%</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.85pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">26-50%</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.6pt;" valign="top" width="83">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">50-75%</span></p>
</td>
<td style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 62.9pt;" valign="top" width="84">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">75-100%</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td colspan="2" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 76.6pt;" valign="top" width="102">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Reproduction</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.4pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Vegetative</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.0pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Flowers</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.45pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Pollinators</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.1pt;" valign="top" width="97">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Fruit</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 73.25pt;" valign="top" width="98">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Seedlings Present</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td colspan="4" style="border-top: none; border: solid windowtext 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.05in;" valign="top" width="197">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Documentation</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.05in;" valign="top" width="197">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Photograph</span></p>
</td>
<td colspan="5" style="border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-right: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; width: 2.05in;" valign="top" width="197">
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Specimen</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr height="0">
<td style="border: none;" width="98"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="14"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="70"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="25"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="3"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="56"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="42"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="42"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="54"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="2"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="28"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="70"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="14"><br /></td>
<td style="border: none;" width="84"><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Working
with aquatic macroinvertebrates and plankton</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The idea is the same. Collect, keep it in a
safe place, identify, add to your journal and excel data base but in the case
of macros, you need to preserve them in alcohol. I buy 90 % robbing alcohol
from the pharmacy; it is cheaper than laboratory grade ethanol and does the
same trick.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Insects and other macroinvertebrates are very
difficult to identify to the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">species</i></b> except for some rare cases.
Family or genus level should be sufficient. What is more important is to keep
complete communities as they were together living in the same conditions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I in many cases keep them in the same vial
with information about location, the way they were collected and date. If you
go to the same stream every year with different classes, you can study the
changes in specimen composition <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and
learn about the site and what is happening there.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is always important to know: where the
specimens come from, some knowledge of the site, when were collected, and in
the case of fossils you also need to know the geologic formation.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Some specimens such as jelly fish need to be
anesthetized before preservation, some specimens require to be fixed with 10%
formalin and some need to be dried. Look up at the web for details.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Biological Companies sales nontoxic
preservatives. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Journal
keeping</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yesterday I saw a documentary about Jane Goodall.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>On that documentary, they show how she
took notes on the behavior of Chimpanzee and other animals. Taking notes is not
easy. It is important before taking notes to make a list of words noting areas
that we want to observe. Observations may have to do with behavior or physical
observation in anatomy and physiology, details about the surroundings, weather,
relationships between organisms, and a variety of ecological details.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSjqdXMZHS7_A0CRDlVAgoO0qpG31W90iN6_R85bDIugVN6nSRbtIeiksOA1Xbgy_h0CN0Mg-_1KCv3dFA0niPfrwZ5QUI_Qhf0rVabAAnnYflMEZVQv8v5Mm8t8V3I9-gF3fiIz91YMY/s640/IMG_2089.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSjqdXMZHS7_A0CRDlVAgoO0qpG31W90iN6_R85bDIugVN6nSRbtIeiksOA1Xbgy_h0CN0Mg-_1KCv3dFA0niPfrwZ5QUI_Qhf0rVabAAnnYflMEZVQv8v5Mm8t8V3I9-gF3fiIz91YMY/s320/IMG_2089.JPG" width="320" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In most cases, students and also researchers
use data sheets to write the results of their investigations. One paper, one
clipboard and a pencil is all they need. If you do that, when you come back
from the field you need to transfer the results to a journal. Pieces of paper
get lost, dirty, crumble and ruined but a journal is always neat and safe.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">I do not use data sheets; all goes into a
field journal what I keep forever. I get to write many interesting things that
I encounter in the field such as <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mammal
or bird sighting, a weather-related event, difficulties with the collection,
and small details that will never be written on a data sheet.</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Field
Journal</span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: ES; mso-fareast-language: ES; mso-no-proof: yes;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></p>
<p align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Laboratory
Journal</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">If you have an art inclination I suggest you
read Clare Walker Leslie and Charles E. Roth book keeping a Nature Journal.
This book will provide you with many ideas. You should also team up with your
math and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>art teacher. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Many times I have done research with high
school students and I usually get cheap notebooks for them. Unfortunately, I do
not have these students all year, just for a short time but I always encourage
them to write and draw pictures and make maps and use color and graphs. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
</div>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-break-type: section-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Activity</span></u></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The objective of this activity is to start
the journals and complete a small collection.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">For
this activity, your students will need to have a journal. They can buy their
own or you can purchase journals for all of them. If the students buy their own
is cheaper and their journals will be selected by them with their own
personalities.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To
start their journals I would ask them to decorate the first page, write their
name and a way to return the journal if lost and <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>found by someone else.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">To
start this lesson I would go in class trough the basics of leaf morphology in
plants. Alternate, opposite, serrated, entire, parallel venation, and much
more. Students are to take notes and do drawings on the journals.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Divide
the students into 4 or 5 groups that will work together but do their own
journal writing using feedback from their group. </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Go
out into the field, around the school and collect 10 plants (trees and shrubs)
per group. Be careful in not collecting ornamental plants because they are
difficult to identify.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Bring
the plants into the classroom and study them. Complete drawings and sketches on
the journal, physical details, measurements of the leaves, steam, and the whole
plant. Are these plants evergreen or deciduous? Are they a tree or a shrub?</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Using
a dichotomous system ask the students to use the physical qualities of each
plant, such as the shape of leaves edges, alternate, parallel or other,
venetion, color, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>to make a key. Let the
students name the plants using invented names.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Using
a real plant key identify the plants. Compare results.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Use
the herbarium form and fill out the questions.</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-fareast-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Press
the plants and later on in the year mount them in a herbarium paper.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US"> </span></b></p>
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-4195383416014715812020-11-24T13:52:00.005-08:002020-11-24T13:55:07.521-08:00Excel Spead Sheets you can use<p> Here is a list of Excel SS that will help you with your calculations. Add the appropriate numbers on the yellow areas, then save the SS with a different name. You will find the excel SS on my website. You will find them on publications and are for free.<br /></p><p>www.northeastnaturalist.com</p><p><br /></p>Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-429709658247657792017-08-26T09:57:00.002-07:002017-08-26T10:03:44.558-07:00The 2017 Eclipse from Connecticut<h2>
The 2017 Eclipse from Connecticut</h2>
On August 21 the United States experience a total eclipse that went across America. Here in Connecticut we only experience a 73 % eclipse, but that was enough to measure some of the effects in changes in temperature and luminosity.<br />
The idea is that temperature changes reflect the eclipse, so by recording the event I would be able to get a record of that change in temperature and luminosity. According to the reports before the eclipse the temperature would low as the sun gets covered by the moon.<br />
Method<br />
Using Hobo Probes, I was able to record the event by taking reading every 5 minutes. Temperature was measured in Fahrenheit and luminosity in Lumens. I chose to use 5 probes to be able to correlate the differences between probes and as a quality control element for the experiment. All probes were hang on plain sunlight on a large field about 6 inches each from each other. See picture.<br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr8KiMNhJFY797b6QIz5n7qGLW01Y8Yb8GN1Lsz7BQgi4gVJeQ38f22XG5Bss1yd6MnkY7aeVFzVeLovZxnN3TV94F2xy9mm9aWiien_cFBlxbhtdC3MWE90DI-nDc_rwAetc-8P5aQbc/s1600/pic.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="323" data-original-width="321" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr8KiMNhJFY797b6QIz5n7qGLW01Y8Yb8GN1Lsz7BQgi4gVJeQ38f22XG5Bss1yd6MnkY7aeVFzVeLovZxnN3TV94F2xy9mm9aWiien_cFBlxbhtdC3MWE90DI-nDc_rwAetc-8P5aQbc/s320/pic.JPG" width="318" /></a></div>
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<br />
<strong>Results</strong><br />
Hobo Probes produces a graph of the event. Here I only show one graph as a example. Hobo probe #2.1. Black line is Temperature and Blue line is light intensity. It is clear that during the eclipse temperature went down together with luminosity.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj10lb4HAulq2S3tluMX66eYBl3gEGMXzVf6RQm0lRSYA82uqRmLhMHROmtbCOg1zlXfZDqFLIBck3-lZ5V4aYn9jXpbUdpOw34DEEiIJlQyUnLqNM1ns3RpvpNWIe2H8DxyGSJS4txfgM/s1600/IMG_20170826_0001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="716" data-original-width="1600" height="143" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj10lb4HAulq2S3tluMX66eYBl3gEGMXzVf6RQm0lRSYA82uqRmLhMHROmtbCOg1zlXfZDqFLIBck3-lZ5V4aYn9jXpbUdpOw34DEEiIJlQyUnLqNM1ns3RpvpNWIe2H8DxyGSJS4txfgM/s320/IMG_20170826_0001.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
Here is a summary of the data recorded by using all the 5 probes:<br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 640px;">
<colgroup><col span="10" style="width: 48pt;" width="64"></col>
<tbody>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Sample</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";"># Minutes</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Max Temp</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Min Temp</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Difference</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Max Light</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Min Light</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Difference</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Start time</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">End time</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td align="right" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1.1</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">128</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">92.92</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.09</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">11.83</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4352</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1344</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3008</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1:35</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3:44</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td align="right" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">2.1</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">130</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">93.87</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.09</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">12.78</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3968</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1152</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">2816</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1:35</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3:46</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td align="right" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3.1</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">129</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">94.44</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.26</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">13.18</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4352</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1280</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3072</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1:36</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3:45</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td align="right" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4.1</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">129</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">93.49</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.09</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">12.4</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4608</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1152</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3456</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1:36</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3:45</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td align="right" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">5.1</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">129</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">93.49</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.09</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">12.4</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4608</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1344</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3264</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1:35</span></td>
<td align="right" class="xl63" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3:45</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody></colgroup></table>
<br />
All 5 probes provided me with similar results. There was a difference of 12.51 degrees Fahrenheit change form the initiation of the eclipse to the maximum eclipse. In terms of luminosity the was a 3123 lumen difference from the beginning of the eclipse and the maximum eclipse. <br />
<br />
Stats of the results:<br />
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 256px;">
<colgroup><col span="4" style="width: 48pt;" width="64"></col>
<tbody>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td colspan="3" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt; mso-ignore: colspan; width: 144pt;" width="192"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Stats for the 5 Probes</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; width: 48pt;" width="64"></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td colspan="2" height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt; mso-ignore: colspan;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Temperature
(F)</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Light(Lum)</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Max</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">94.44</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4608</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Min</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.09</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1152</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Avg Max</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">93.642</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">4377.6</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Avg Min</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">81.124</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">1254.4</span></td>
</tr>
<tr height="19" style="height: 14.4pt;">
<td height="19" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black; height: 14.4pt;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">Avg D Change</span></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">12.518</span></td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"></td>
<td align="right" style="background-color: transparent; border: 0px black;"><span style="font-family: "calibri";">3123.2</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody></colgroup></table>
<strong></strong><br />
<strong>Conclusions</strong><br />
Apparently there is no question that there is a change in temperature and luminosity in an eclipse. It would have been more drastic if the experiment was conducted within the path of the total eclipse but that will be next time.<br />
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-8580614338075490192016-10-09T09:19:00.000-07:002016-10-09T09:19:23.407-07:00Working your Collection
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I have a small collection of fossils I have been gathering
in the last 10 years. I have about 100 fossils. So, I just don’t put them in a
drawer and forget about them. I study my fossils and gather information to
learn more about each specimen and<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>to
make my collection more complete, just like a museum would do.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Some of my fossils are collected by me, by going in the
field and getting them after a previews research of each site and some of my
fossils are purchased. Purchasing fossils makes lots of sense because that
would be the only way you can have a fossils from a faraway locality or
collected in an inaccessible place. Museums purchase specimens. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">So what do I do with my fossils?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">If I have collected the fossils on my own, I need to take
geologic maps and Google each location to get the geology of the site. By
knowing the geology you also know the Rock formation and the lithology, and if
you know that then you will also know the age of the fossil. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">If I purchase the fossil then I always need to know three
things:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Where does it comes from<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What is the geologic formation of the site and<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3.</span><span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Calibri;">What is the scientific name of the specimen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Each fossil is numbered by painting a white square on the
rock and a number in indelible ink. I also have a data base in excel where I
record each specimen with its number and all the information I can get.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Some of that information is the common name of the
organisms, the scientific name, location where it comes from, Geologic era, epoch
and period and in addition the formation and any other information I can get
from the seller, maps, my books or the web.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I also carry a journal where all my fossils are introduced.
Each fossil is listed separately, and all kinds of pertinent information is
written on the pages. That includes maps, pictures of the specimen, drawing I
make and anything else I find.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I spend time taking pictures of my fossils and making
drawings of details. I like to research what other organism were living with my
specimen and the ecology and biology of the site. You would be surprised of how
much paleontology and biology I learn from these fossils.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Recently I purchased a small fish, Dastilbe spp. at the
Springfield Rock and Mineral Show. This show happens once a year and I have
purchased many of my fossils there. The fossil came with a tag that game me
information of the Formation and the age of the specimen. (Cretaceous age and
from the Santana Formation in Brazil). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">First thing I did is I gave the fossil a number, # 37, and
enter the information on my data base in my computer. That is very important
because if the tag separates from the rock then you will be in trouble but if
the specimen has a number and the data base identify that specimen then you can
never lose the information.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Next I Googled for information on the Santana Formation and
learn many things that I added to my Journal. I read one scientific paper
written by Samuel Davis and Davis Martill were according to the information
this small fish appears on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, in Western Africa
and in Brazil, just where the rift between the two continents happed years ago
with the help of Plate Tectonics. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">So at the end I had a small prize on this fish as is not
just a specimen but a result of the separation of continents during Godwana. I
now have a story to tell!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I have added two pictures, one of my Fossil Natural History Journal
with the information and one of the fish. So next time you start to collect
fossil maybe you can add lots of fun to your collection.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-19724181776426056062016-01-12T13:20:00.000-08:002016-01-12T13:20:16.879-08:00Another Mystery
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">This is not my first mystery and would not be the last.
That’s why I love science! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">On 8/21/12 I went to Whitman Camp to do a program with a
group of kids. We went to Billing Lake and collected macroinvertebrates. Always
looking for those elusive crustaceans, I kept all I could find. I recently went
over my collection and rebelled a population of amphipods, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hyallela azteca</i> . But with the amphipods I found a true shrimp.
This small and young shrimp is not completely developed and is difficult to
identify as not all the parts are there, but I believe that it is a Grass
Shrimp, or <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Palaemonetes spp.<o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lake Billings is a fresh body water, Far from any brakeage
or saline environment. I took some chemistry readings that day. There was a
Dissolved Oxygen of 7.5 ppm, at a temperature of 25.3 degrees centigrade, a pH
of 7.6 and an alkalinity of 80 ppm. which is high for that area but by no means
saline. So what was a grass shrimp doing there?<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hyallela azteca</i> is
found in fresh water. I also saw some snails, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pseudosaccinea colunella</i>, and some <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Helisoma spp, </i>all fresh water organisms. This site is at least 7
miles from any salt water.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Here are some pictures of this grass shrimp and also a map. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Coordinates for this collection were 41.50938 Latitude and
-71. 87062 longitudes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-4589042607811935112015-12-07T07:54:00.004-08:002015-12-07T07:54:58.363-08:00Fossil Hunting with your Grandchildren
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I have always loved fossils. There is something mystical about
touching things that you know were here millions of years ago. So, as part of
our vacation I scoped sites nearby where we were going where we could go fossil
hunting. Sometimes these areas are private property and you need permission to
enter the area, but lucky for us we visited an area that was not restricted.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I sometimes rent a house at Cobscook Bay in Maine. This is passed
Arcadia National Park near Lubec. Here the area is still what Arcadia must have
been years ago, very primitive, very few tourists and really wonderful places
to visit and enjoy. One of the places we visited was what they call Reversing
Falls. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cobscook Bay is part of the Bay of Fundy, the very beginning
of it, and the tides are enormous. So there is a site that the fall of the tide
makes the waters reverse into a stream and that area is called Reversing Falls.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The area is Silurian in age and along the beach there is a
cut that if looked carefully you will find Fossils. We came at about 10:00 am.
during low tide and work the rock during the morning. The kid loved it. There is
nothing like finding your own specimens.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samples were collected by me, my son and my grandkids at
this coastal site. This is part of the Edmnund Formation which s is a
fossiliferous area forms by muddy marine sediments. This area is Silurian and
Devonian in age, with some volcanic activity at the same time. Edmund Formation
Tuff-breccia of Whiting Bay is a resistant rock type. Bring good hammer. Age at
about 419 to 424 Million years Old.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">We found several fossils: Orthocone is a straight shell
Nautiloid Cephalopod that lived during the late Cambrian to the late Triassic.
Atraypa is a Brachiopod round and egg shaped with fine radial ridges. Lower
Silurian to upper Devonian. Sphaerirhynchia wilsoni appeared on the Silutrian
era. This is a globular species comm9on in limestone. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">So grab your kids or grandkids, a hammer and some maps and
go treasure hunting!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEEA7ApsoXYMA-rT_EdfqD6PFrMluAIJ-48WKZcQroVTCbTwtJ_O_HnrDKyaOZz7_5JFfTn0CXFNGueJTw1L7jytE3Vzv1Wn5lew2_rZAC5_OrbQqz8sDkbIj8eQgwTTnmbirlqfTOdvk/s1600/P9058039.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEEA7ApsoXYMA-rT_EdfqD6PFrMluAIJ-48WKZcQroVTCbTwtJ_O_HnrDKyaOZz7_5JFfTn0CXFNGueJTw1L7jytE3Vzv1Wn5lew2_rZAC5_OrbQqz8sDkbIj8eQgwTTnmbirlqfTOdvk/s320/P9058039.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheInY-64PZuQD5QCBXsBWiWhoTX-X2QMRQIx8cVuBOrUfBKymrmLrw9UQMTNNlFL1tCemk-iqxaRl5FSiNG0-NeFvx0y91MIPx6-JrsUaClwPWyEPeysdCn4sWVhAKM1twM7eKa5D8X30/s1600/P9058040.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheInY-64PZuQD5QCBXsBWiWhoTX-X2QMRQIx8cVuBOrUfBKymrmLrw9UQMTNNlFL1tCemk-iqxaRl5FSiNG0-NeFvx0y91MIPx6-JrsUaClwPWyEPeysdCn4sWVhAKM1twM7eKa5D8X30/s320/P9058040.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBICYHc9Z6Pnj5fUXJDtIOFdX4xWQoFwUI9v_eaAyHfdkCgsKb8F5OZ_O6eyqBXsekMetM5Ptixx5gDHMIKQanKWd6dFtv-IiYVapeA0y-CyFQc9pVNVOEgDI6uzaFp3-d1omNIwaSUNw/s1600/P9058042.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBICYHc9Z6Pnj5fUXJDtIOFdX4xWQoFwUI9v_eaAyHfdkCgsKb8F5OZ_O6eyqBXsekMetM5Ptixx5gDHMIKQanKWd6dFtv-IiYVapeA0y-CyFQc9pVNVOEgDI6uzaFp3-d1omNIwaSUNw/s320/P9058042.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-21810363784655483972015-07-23T14:15:00.000-07:002015-07-23T14:15:07.548-07:00Life at Candlewood Lake
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">This early
summer I came to see a group of Double-crested Cormorants (</span><span class="xbe"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Phalacrocorax auritus</span></i></span><span class="xbe"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">) nesting along the shores of Candlewood Lake.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span class="xbe"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Double-crested cormorant males bring the material to the female and she
builds the nest. They mate at the nest once it is build and defend it by
snapping and head-waving with their open bill.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
<br />
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<span class="xbe"><span lang="EN" style="color: #222222; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cormorants may lay up to 7 eggs, although 3 or 4 is the north. Mortality is
low. They produce a clutch of 1 to 3 fledglings and both parents take care of
feeding the babies. <o:p></o:p></span></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">In this
pictures the young are not so young anymore. The nest is also visible.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis6htpUnbOQxdoNU825tVcs4svy0358JVTUK77-LRegNx_L75gRFFxVen8GHX1T194m8jnatsyl00Ir9ti6zEZwgYRLlhFMeId665gktlZtN7zc7xgJO38KJyi8NRagkwkX3YJxvn9H6k/s1600/DSC02802.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEis6htpUnbOQxdoNU825tVcs4svy0358JVTUK77-LRegNx_L75gRFFxVen8GHX1T194m8jnatsyl00Ir9ti6zEZwgYRLlhFMeId665gktlZtN7zc7xgJO38KJyi8NRagkwkX3YJxvn9H6k/s320/DSC02802.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh01QaBr0oGQvdhczdy9OlTguTUjElX6aZBI4toZMrshyphenhyphenXgyDam5V2FC5y2F1DSvrIMCxSLi4bt1IfhzcSHMYu9Sczv6TZkvnnzzzu8qTkQXzir_YaQW5UGBFnZ120wBxGSRMzGMGfI7NU/s1600/DSC02804.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh01QaBr0oGQvdhczdy9OlTguTUjElX6aZBI4toZMrshyphenhyphenXgyDam5V2FC5y2F1DSvrIMCxSLi4bt1IfhzcSHMYu9Sczv6TZkvnnzzzu8qTkQXzir_YaQW5UGBFnZ120wBxGSRMzGMGfI7NU/s320/DSC02804.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-19705301753739379802015-07-22T12:00:00.000-07:002015-07-22T12:00:27.464-07:00On the botany trail of Mohawk State Forest
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">This time of the year you will find great opportunities to
see rare and handsome plants at Mohawk State Forest. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I visited the area with my Great Gran Children about two
weeks ago. We went to the Black Spruce Bog which is located across from the
Forest Office.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is always a lot to admire in such a place. Bogs have a
charm of their own. They are acid enough to provide the visitor with special
plants, and if you </span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvErlKqWdW39p5xwC6fVbRVmabNQiPVG9LDQ9h4s1Wd3tjS8bv9DU5YQwHBapD-0LkGhm4yn18kCIop7u_3qoJRpgKpziSPwk9ZZM-clkkA6tvf7kgeYVX62lZybY28xx4PJCWZ4XnmcI/s1600/DSC02996.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvErlKqWdW39p5xwC6fVbRVmabNQiPVG9LDQ9h4s1Wd3tjS8bv9DU5YQwHBapD-0LkGhm4yn18kCIop7u_3qoJRpgKpziSPwk9ZZM-clkkA6tvf7kgeYVX62lZybY28xx4PJCWZ4XnmcI/s320/DSC02996.JPG" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><em>Russula emetica</em></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfqrd7fzKTdWVefB2LRR23MCmjApPrn9XnLHeUKyqhXdIeHlqb_X1n7lASOgdfipzES_uAlLnaYee86VCBszxCHR1MDDdjqdMQ3ry1BTjFqMOuyRUZbqrSdWRzISkD5psTu3-5JYXDbvI/s1600/DSC02997.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfqrd7fzKTdWVefB2LRR23MCmjApPrn9XnLHeUKyqhXdIeHlqb_X1n7lASOgdfipzES_uAlLnaYee86VCBszxCHR1MDDdjqdMQ3ry1BTjFqMOuyRUZbqrSdWRzISkD5psTu3-5JYXDbvI/s320/DSC02997.JPG" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><em>Amanita muscaria</em></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyMSqRHb1FZilliv3P0q6yXyxggOYDMmvIMjxccX7WEQISQ1zdkyM5mT0b65q9VZQgMmfl8MSr_Iokq6ozj7dk-2QeCCh6B23qDGu9Tb0zf7oz1Ip9H7T7o2I6YpLstHgzAU_fJ7x2B5Y/s1600/DSC02999.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyMSqRHb1FZilliv3P0q6yXyxggOYDMmvIMjxccX7WEQISQ1zdkyM5mT0b65q9VZQgMmfl8MSr_Iokq6ozj7dk-2QeCCh6B23qDGu9Tb0zf7oz1Ip9H7T7o2I6YpLstHgzAU_fJ7x2B5Y/s320/DSC02999.JPG" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Sundews</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzZs8RBiWFyaSxF_PjMyBTtadvt1BhIXVYpmJQ5w6XeQ75H_Lz76K5bh2xTRHSkydETYDgUPPaBz-hkiH8NRWQTH_CxRywGtWkasWpdUgWZ0ciYfO6-GL0uhmoRn3ujv2hyphenhyphenQqZV5XdyEU/s1600/DSC03006.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzZs8RBiWFyaSxF_PjMyBTtadvt1BhIXVYpmJQ5w6XeQ75H_Lz76K5bh2xTRHSkydETYDgUPPaBz-hkiH8NRWQTH_CxRywGtWkasWpdUgWZ0ciYfO6-GL0uhmoRn3ujv2hyphenhyphenQqZV5XdyEU/s320/DSC03006.JPG" width="320" /></a></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Pitcher Plan</span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">would happen to fall on one, you would be preserved for years to
come, just like on those bogs in Ireland. Do not fall!<o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I found two special sets of plants. In the area of Carnivorous
Plants, here we see The Pitcher Plant (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Sarracenia
purpurea</i>) and the Sundew (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Drosera spp</i>.),
and in the area of Fungi I found the infamous <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Amanita muscaria</i> and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Russula emetica</i>,
both poisonous but charming. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
</div>
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-9690436812002433792015-07-22T08:20:00.000-07:002015-07-22T08:20:03.570-07:00Collections from two small Ponds
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">A Small collection was done at two bodies of water, one a large Pond
and the other a semi vernal pool.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The small pond is located in Bristol at the Indian Rock Preserve; the
semi vernal pool is located in Woodbury at the Flanders Nature Center.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The Pond yields a total of 11 families, ten insects and one a fresh
water crustacean. The vernal pool yields eight families, five insects, to
mollusks and one fresh water crustacean.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
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<tbody>
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<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Indian Rock Preserve<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Flanders Nature Center<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 1;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Order<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Family<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Order<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Family<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 2;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Odonata<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cordulidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Odonata<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Coenagrionidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 3;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Macromildae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lepidoptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Pyralidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 4;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lestidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tricoptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Limnephilibidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 5;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gomphidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Megaloptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Coridulidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 6;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Hemiptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nenidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Molusca<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Spheriidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 7;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Tricoptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Polycetrodidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Molusca<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Physa<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 8;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Limnephilidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Isopoda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Caecidotea<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 9;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Diptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Chironomidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 10;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ephemeroptera<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leptophebidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 11;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amphipooda<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Hyalellidae<o:p></o:p></span></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow: 12; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 119.7pt;" valign="top" width="200">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I found that the Large Pond had more diversity of insects, but the
semi vernal pool had more overall diversity of organism. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></div>
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-50589404852132323312015-01-21T08:31:00.000-08:002015-01-21T08:31:29.837-08:00Water Quality Assessment Using Diatoms with High School Students
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">We have all seen the world of water quality through all
those fantastic aquatic insects but new organisms, or not so new are making its
debut in Connecticut, and that is the “DIATOMS”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">In 2010 and thanks to a grant from the National Oceanic
and Aeronautic Administration ( NOAA) <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>we
at Education Connection, located in Litchfield, CT were able to involve 8
school district high school in doing water quality monitoring using Diatoms as
indicator species. This is the fifth year of this project and we have been
challenged teaching Diatom Biology to more than 12 teachers and 2.000 students.
The program’s name is Project Periphyton.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="Default" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Water Quality
assessment using Diatoms as indicator species have been done worldwide for more
than 20 years. Most state environmental protection agencies are involved in it.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The main difficulties of using them with
high school students as opposed to using aquatic insects are that diatoms are
small and it requires the use of good microscopes to be able to do the job
(400X and 1000X with oil immersion). Identification is also a challenge as
there are so many diatoms that look alike, but here in Connecticut we have use
two major published papers, (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Using algal
metrics and biomass to evaluate multiple ways of defining concentration-based
nutrient criteria in streams and their ecological relevance published by Nathan
J. Smucker</i></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "JLJIH C+ MTSY";">,
Mary Becker, Naomi E. Detenbeck, Alisa C. Morrisona, </span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Ecological Indicators 32 (2013) 51–61</span><span style="font-size: 6pt;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "JLJIH C+ MTSY";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; mso-fareast-font-family: "JLJIH C+ MTSY";">in
2013 </span></i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">and <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The Diatom
Pollution Tolerance Index: Assigning Tolerance Values by </span>Cara Muscio Watershed
Protection. Development News, City of Austin, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>published in June 2002</span></i><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">). <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Collecting
diatoms is much easier as all it takes is to gather some rocks from a stream
and rub them with a tooth brush. Students go out into the field to an assigned
stream two times a year, in the fall and once again in the spring. In the field
they take physical and chemical measurements such as dissolved oxygen,
alkalinity, stream flow, temperature, etc., and then they collect 5 fist size
rocks. Using tooth brushes and wire brushes they rub the stones and collect all
the periphyton attached to the rocks in distil water. They use Lugol’s solution
to fix the diatoms which they take into the classroom to clean and prepare for
viewing.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">Cleaning of the
sample is done using Clorox and a centrifuge. Clean samples are used to prepare
several permanent microscope slides that will be used to identify the diatoms.(For
diatom Identification we use “Diatoms of the United States” website). Here is
Connecticut we have prepared a Genus level pollution tolerance level chart the students
use to calculate a PTI (Pollution Tolerance Index) for the stream. For
additional information on our methods send an email to Alberto Mimo at </span><a href="mailto:nenaturals@sboclobal.net"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">nenaturals@sboclobal.net</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">. We have several schools that collect
aquatic insects in addition to the diatoms. They use both methods to compare
these two water quality assessment tools.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">I was the
developer and director of Project SEARCH in Connecticut that was done through
the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection from 1985 until 2000 and
it is still used by many schools. Project SEARCH uses aquatic Insects, and I
wanted to try a similar methodology using Diatoms now and for some time.
Diatoms are more challenging because of their size and anatomy but at the same
time teachers and students can complete collections with a much less effort,
they are easier to keep and occupy less space. Many of the methods used
compliment what schools are teaching to their students in Biology and still
introduce students to the concepts of water quality, biodiversity,
classification, trophy levels, geographical basins and ecological integrity.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">As part of the
program we also bring students to the shore to collect a sediment core and use
a seine to catch some fish and study their stomach content, integrating many
more ecological concepts such as sedimentation, the formation of the Long
Island Sound, glaciation, food webs and differences between fresh and salt
water environments. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">As part of the
program we use EDMODO (www. edmodo.org), a web based communication system to
exchange ideas and information between teachers and students. Students download
on the web their excel sheets, their photographs of diatoms and pictures of
their field trips and their experiences. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">In addition to
this educational experience school collect one additional sample for me. I take
the sample and identify the diatoms, complete all the calculations and write a
report that is sent to the schools, to NOAA, to the USGS and to the Connecticut
Department of Environmental Protection. This way they can compare their results
and identification of diatoms to my results.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I also compare the results to data obtained under the USGS SPARROW
program to evaluate the phosphate load on the streams basins in Connecticut. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";">As part of the
program all the schools are given a school campus copy of ARCGIS. The objective
is to get the students to complete all their mapping work digitally. I visit
the schools and provide GIS education for the teachers and the students.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-17630393689298225222014-07-12T11:01:00.000-07:002014-07-12T11:02:15.571-07:00One Rock Nature Walk<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Some times in Nature it is not necessary to walk a long way
to see the wonders of life on the earth. These few pictures were taken at Point
Judith in Rhode Island at Scarborough State Beach.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">This large rock is a complexity of life forms layered
according to the laws of nature. Layered at the bottom are the red seaweeds, then
there are the green unicellular algae attached to the rock, at one side we see
the cell cellophane, a larger seaweed, and then at the top there are the brown
Rockweeds. The surface of the rock is covered with barnacles of all different shapes
and sizes and growing between the barnacles we find blue mussels. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">If we take small cup and brush the seaweeds we get a large
number of isopods and amphipods plus many other small crustaceans that we cannot
see with the naked eye. The blue mussels are found in different sizes according
to their best location within the rock.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I spend at least 1 hour with my grandson investigating
this rock. We took pictures, and caught small little crustaceans that were
swiming around. You do not need a boat, or specialized equipment to admire
things in nature. We just used some cups and our observation skills. Try it
this summer…<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-48048309294556517502013-11-23T15:58:00.002-08:002013-11-23T15:58:25.804-08:00Status of Freshwater Amphipod Populations in Connecticut
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">One hundred and forty three collections of freshwater amphipods
located in the Biodiversity Research Collections, Department of Ecology and
Evolutionary Biology at the University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT were
completed since 1959. Forty three collections were done by several researchers
and professors and one hundred additional collections were done by me since
1988. All major drainage basins were investigated except for the Southwest
Coast and the Hudson Rivers Drainage basins. Eight amphipod species were found.
No new amphipod species in New England are being reported.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The following eight maps indicate the different amphipod
species and their drainage basin location within the state of Connecticut. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Data indicate that different amphipod species appear within
particular drainage basins and in one case (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Gammarus
pseudolimneus</i>, Bousfield, 1958) may show postglacial drainage basin changes
between the Farmington River and the Quinnipiac River. One species (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Synurella chambernaini, Ellis, 1941</i>) may
have habitat preferences, as it is only found in the southeast in Red Maple
swamps.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
List of Amphipods found in CT.<br />
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Synurella chamberlaini<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ellis, 1941<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cangonyx pseudogracialis<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bousfield, 1958<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cangonyx richmondensis<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ellis, 1940<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cangonyx aberrans<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Smith 1983<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gammarus fasciatus<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Say 1818<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gammarus speudolimnaeus Bousfield, 1958<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Gammarus tigrinus<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sexton, 1939<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Hyalella azteca<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Saussure, 1857<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Distribution of Indicated Amphipod
Species by Drainage Basin.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Solid red circles indicate species, </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span></span> </div>
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<span style="font-size: 12pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span> </div>
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-38161753539670982272013-08-27T11:33:00.002-07:002013-08-27T11:33:56.576-07:00My World these days.
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Update of my Activities<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">It has been sometime since I have done an overview of all
the things I have been doing, many of them with teachers, family and Friend, so
I have decided to add a note on my blog about my activities during this past
last year.</span></div>
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Catching alligators in Florida</div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Work<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">At the present moment I have been working at Education
Connection in two programs: Project Periphyton<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adm8inistration (NOAA)
and Project CLEAR funded by the Connecticut Department Of Education under an
Inter-district Grant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">In Project Periphyton we have been working with 12 teachers
from WAMOGO (Waren, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Morris and Goshen)
High School, Plymouth High School, The Sound School (New Haven), Danbury High
School, Newtown High School, New Fairfield High School and Crosby High School.
Teachers and students collect Diatoms from rocks to use them as biological
indicators to asses water quality. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqtxldSZ3ui95Ho18MkInkTaqy3tP2JT3MPeXjh5R84pDihd7_YaRnw6uJX_g9WCxjC5k97UXSRRo-eF6njzITdX2Oyu-_hK1c4N5dHTDXooW6-Yr8BeXW1PdT5ztjfzhyI6GJMem-sro/s1600/P8090064.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqtxldSZ3ui95Ho18MkInkTaqy3tP2JT3MPeXjh5R84pDihd7_YaRnw6uJX_g9WCxjC5k97UXSRRo-eF6njzITdX2Oyu-_hK1c4N5dHTDXooW6-Yr8BeXW1PdT5ztjfzhyI6GJMem-sro/s320/P8090064.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Teacher workshop this summer</div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Project CLEAR have been running for more than 10 years and I
have been involved from the start. The objective of the project is to have five
high school districts (Danbury, New Milford, New Fairfield, Brookfield and
Bethel) involved in collecting data for the Candlewood Lake Authority. Students
and their teachers collect macroinvertebrates, core samples (mud), plankton,
periphyton, fish, aquatic Invasive plants, water samples, stream
macroinvertebrates and forestry data. The data collected is provided to a
number of institutions and researchers including the University of Connecticut,
The Agricultural Experimental Station, The Candlewood Lake Authority, Western State
University and many more.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Processional Collections<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">For more than 20 years I have been doing an inventory of
fresh water crustaceans in the state of Connecticut. At the moment I have
collected thousands of specimens that are located at the University of
Connecticut at their Ecology and Evolutionary Biology collections department
where I curate all the fresh water crustaceans. At the end of this fall I will
be adding 300+ new crayfish that were collected by the Department of Energy and
Environmental Protection fisheries division.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In addition I am collecting more amphipods from several lakes in the
state that will be added to the collection. I have detected several patterns compering
species and locations and two amphipod species will help me reiterate
topographic changes that have occurred since the last ice age. Rivers such as
the Farmington and the Quinnipiac, which years ago were the same river happen
to have amphipod species that appear nowhere else in Connecticut.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix4aZuPecerDKkOE9mH9RMYp209d_bNVSCnpFv_Y34ZUhOsyf1pK3Eg7ELWhyphenhyphenwS4oJ2jw02N3Rbe0AJpZRpPRLeuPktNFcxDU06PtRBzNuthPH_aFdf9eEYf_cyJrtUnCQq9BmhFV2tKA/s1600/P5160051.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEix4aZuPecerDKkOE9mH9RMYp209d_bNVSCnpFv_Y34ZUhOsyf1pK3Eg7ELWhyphenhyphenwS4oJ2jw02N3Rbe0AJpZRpPRLeuPktNFcxDU06PtRBzNuthPH_aFdf9eEYf_cyJrtUnCQq9BmhFV2tKA/s320/P5160051.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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One Amphipod or Two?</div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amateur Collections<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I have always have had an interest in Botany and
Paleontology, so I keep a small collation that grows all the time of plants and
fossils.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">My botany collection comes from this state and I only gather
plants that are in flower. At the moment I have collected more than 1000
specimens that are kept in order and as herbarium mounts. I plan to donate the
collection to a university in the future.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">My fossil collection is becoming quiet extensive as I have
now more than 500 specimens. I buy most of my specimens at fossil shows (I like
to have fossils from all over the world) but I also have done some collecting
when I have the time and the opportunity. I try to specialize on Invertebrates
but I have some other fossils too.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Research Projects<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Now and for some time I have been working on two projects: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The Biological Shoreline Development at
Candlewood Lake looking at the Macroinvertebrate population and organic
deposition from core samples. Candlewood Lake is subject to annual drawdown to
diminish the growth of aquatic invasive plants. The objective of my research is
to study the consequences of such activity to the lake shoreline.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">In addition I have also been now for five years studying the
effects of climate change in the same lake by looking at winter temperatures
and lake ice formation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I, with the help
of the Lake Authority, have been collecting data using electronic probes set at
several sites, under the water and on the air around the lake in early October
and collecting them in late March. I collected temperature and light
information every 3 hours for several months. Data shows that the lap of time
when the lake is completely covered with ice is shorter these days.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8_M6DkTZYyS_NLrQE-DaVX0FspDP5QtE-DKBMSHUnYtiNhElQHsTTIJSdwwtYpC9CHz9q1JieW_ehyphenhyphenyhbPX4sG_wib9b56ge-eLqodwcM8Wn1VVo1F_ia0mP3r8h8oB7jUxv2RaJPXOk/s1600/P4013695.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8_M6DkTZYyS_NLrQE-DaVX0FspDP5QtE-DKBMSHUnYtiNhElQHsTTIJSdwwtYpC9CHz9q1JieW_ehyphenhyphenyhbPX4sG_wib9b56ge-eLqodwcM8Wn1VVo1F_ia0mP3r8h8oB7jUxv2RaJPXOk/s320/P4013695.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Candlewood Lake Temperature Probe</div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The Prospect Conservation Commission<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">For the past few years I have been involved with the
Prospect Conservation Commission for which I am now the chair person. During
the past two years we have finished the “Open Space Plan”, and started to
complete evaluation of Wetlands in town and inventories of the vernal pools. In
addition we are always busy keeping with all the development that we have in
town.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Writings<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ten years ago I published a small book called Fresh Water
Crustaceans of Connecticut. I printed the book and sold about 1500 copies and
now I have been working on a bigger and better edition of the book including
specimens and information from the entire North East. The new book will be
called Fresh Water Crustaceans of the North East of United States. The book is
half done and at the present time I am working with the Clodoceran group. These
are small little organisms that resemble mollusk but are not and are found in
lakes, rivers and ephemeral water bodies. I hope to have the book finish and
for editing and review in one year.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Reading<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I should not skip the fact that I love to read books,
science, history and literature and at the present time I just finished reading
“The Historical Atlas of the Celtic World” by Dr. Ian Barnes and I just started
reading “The Shadow of the Wind” by Carlos Ruiz Zafon. I recommend this book to
those that love stories from other countries.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Traveling<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I have done some traveling this past year. My wife and I
with some friends visited Ireland about two months ago, for 15 days. Ireland is
a beautiful country full of pride and history. I specially loved visiting the
Neolithic Sites, some of them older that the pyramids of Egypt. I also had a
chance to collect additional fossils there. Italy will be our next European trip.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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The Cliffs of Moher, Irealnd</div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Photography<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I inherited the passion for photography from my father, who
loved to take pictures and collect cameras. I take my camera everywhere I go
and give my best work to my friend and family so that they can remember me when
they look at their walls. At the end of the summer I will be taking my two 4X5
with a friend to some areas in the shore and do some experimenting with this
large format. Large format is much more art and photography than digital
equipment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Family, Friend and my two dogs<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I will be lying if I skip my time spend with my wife visiting
art museums, my ten gran children and my two great-grand -children
visiting<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>natural history museums,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>dinosaurs, the fossil shows, the shore or visiting
NY and having them at home too. Love taking my two dogs for a walk and last
Love checking out restaurants, microbreweries and festivals for good food,
wine, beer and music or having people at home for a good time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Renoir and the dancers a the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston</div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">So this is a short synopsis of my adventures. Please email
me if you have questions about these activities and I will try to help you as
best as I can.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-79561514871956034812013-07-05T13:19:00.002-07:002013-07-05T13:19:30.987-07:00Wineberry anyone
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Here in Connecticut, Wineberry (Rubus phoenicolasius) creeps
up in your yard at any time! This invasive species provides a berry to our
wildlife and to us. Two years ago I had one plant in my home. This year I have
at least ten. I did not plant them but I believe that the birds did. I let it
grow because I wanted to see the flowers and the fruits. Maybe it was a bad
idea. Here are some pictures to help you recognize the plant. Good luck!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-62246256999574393572013-07-05T12:31:00.000-07:002013-07-05T13:28:39.443-07:00Spending one Afternoon with the Hummingbirds<br />
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Everyone knows how difficult is to photograph a humming
bird. They are fast and very unpredictable. So I went the Audubon Center is
South Britain, CT, a great location. Inside their balcony on their barn they
have several Hummingbird feeders. I setup my camera on a tripod facing the
feeders and waited for them to come to me. There was some activity, not much, and
many of my shots were throwaways but I got some results. I started by setting
my shutter two steps down to make up for the light and used 400 ISO to increase
the speed. That did not make much of a difference as these birds are super-fast.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Here is Connecticut we have the Rudy-throated Hummingbird.
It migrates to Mexico and south of the border every winter but what is most
amazing is that they migrate back at night and cross the Gulf in one flight thanks
to an increase of fat and weight that happens just 10 days before migration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Thanks to digital photography, it makes no difference how
many pictures you take. Delete is always available and it does not coast a
dime. So take one afternoon and visit a predictable location and start taking
pictures.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-18625568231416630002013-07-04T16:25:00.001-07:002013-07-04T16:25:41.333-07:00IRELAND's Past
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<span style="font-size: 20pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Early
Mankind History from Ireland<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Three words from IRELAND’s past: Paleolithic (before 10.000
years ago), Mesolithic (Between 10.000 and 5.000 years ago) and Neolithic
(Between 5.000 to 2.000 years ago). What do they mean and how do they relate to
us. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Not long ago, I was having a conversation over some nice
local beers about my most recent travels to Ireland, and my friends became
interested in my experiences visiting some of the Mesolithic and Neolithic
sites in Ireland and then our conversation turned into some recent research
done regarding our past ancestry with three other hominid species; Neanderthals
from Europe, Homo florensiensis from the Island of Flores in Indonesia and most
recently the Denisovas from a cave located in Russia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Did we mix? According to the most recent
research, yes we did. Read Scientific American article “Human Hybrids”
published on May 2013 and also National Geographic Magazine article “The Case
of the Missing Ancestor” published in July 2013.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">There has been little found in Ireland from their Paleolithic
past. There are some tools found in the island that may possibly date that long
ago. Most Paleolithic remain were wiped out by the recent glacial events and by
long ago geologic changes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Paleolithic artifacts found in Ireland found today at the Dublin
Museum of Archeology.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">But at the same time remains from the Mesolithic and
Neolithic past is well represented and worthwhile visiting. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">In my recent visit to Ireland we visited three important and
amazing sites, Carrowmore in Sligo, Newgrange, Knowth and Dowth in County Meath
and Queen Meave’s cairn on top of Knockmarea Mountain. Most of these sites date
to the Megalithic and early Neolithic era some 2.000 years before the Pyramids
in Egypt. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Entrance to Newgrange Neolithic burial site.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Walking to the top of Knockmarea Mountain to see Queen
Meave’s Cairn.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Megalithic Tomb inside Carrowmore.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Carrowmore’s Cairn.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">It is hard to think that these people, so long ago were able
to carry these heavy stones from far away sites and construct such amazing
burial monuments. These very early people were able to work the land and have
rudimentary agriculture, raise animals, work the stone, make artistic designs
and bury their dead with such sophisticated ritualistic care. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I know very little about archeology but I have no doubts
that if you visit Ireland you will enjoy as much as I did, seeing such amazing
sites. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-291758393847246532013-03-03T10:39:00.001-08:002013-03-03T10:39:43.078-08:00
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The Many Ways of Learning<o:p></o:p></span></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">It was 1979; more than 30 years ago, that I started what later
would be called the “Nature Under Stress” program. Today I still continue to
support the same idea, learning through experience, though a number of programs
that embrace the same ideas of my first program “Nature Under Stress”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I grow up with the old theory of teaching, from a podium and
in a classroom of four walls where lectures and learning were based on a text
book. No free dreams, no personal experience, no interchange of ideas, no hand
on approach, and all based on that the teacher is the gods that knows it all
and the student is quiet and memorize the lesson to later spit it out on a
test.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nature under stress was based on giving the opportunity to
students to learn from an experience,<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and
provide these students with a platform -where we could talk about what we saw,
what we learned on our own by poking around in nature-. Later on we called that
inquiry and hands on, but in 1979 I called it “Learn on your own”.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">“Nature Under Stress” was simple. My students, most of them
from the inner city, came on a bus to my park. Their councilors were already
tired from the heat and the noise on the bus and with no intention of doing
anything for the kids. The kids were all woundup and ready to explode after
spending one hour sitting on a bus. My park was a shore park in the Long Island
Sound with more than enough nature to keep anyone busy. I would take them out
of the bus, and then I told them to “follow me”. At that moment I started to
run as fast as I could in the direction of the salt marsh and wilderness and
the kids would follow, not their councilors. Ten minutes later, the kids were
in my game, far from civilization, surrounded by nature, with no chance of
turning back and at my mercy. I took them out of their environment and put them
on mine.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">After jumping over mosquito ditches, walking knee deep on
mud, sweaty and out of breath, I asked them to hold hand and then I entered in
the shallow waters in the back marsh. Slowly they discovered nature; they saw
crabs, fish, big and small, worms, and shrimp and became interested in what
they were seeing. Their inner-city inhibitions were gone and their most
intimate human nature was turned on, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>watching
“nature under stress”. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Throughout the day and after they spent hours on a discovery
trip of their own, they opened their eyes to realizing that they were learning
from an experience and that I was nothing more than a guide. There were so many
questions to ask, there was so much to see and admire. They were not frightened
anymore, they had learned that there was nothing to be afraid off but their own
unfounded ghosts fed by lack of understanding and ignorance. They were also stuck
with me not knowing how to get away.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">There is a difference between something you learn by reading
or by a teacher that tells you and something you learn by having an experience.
A sentence, when you think about it is nothing but a phrase made out of words
that have a meaning, a story, content but no substance. An experience is part
of your life, <u>something you have had a physical interaction with</u> and
that has provided you with part of the world around you, a part that you own.
Real inquire only start here. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Later in life I started other programs based on the same
idea. SEARCH, State of the Sound, Summer SEARCH, Project Periphyton and other
programs were based on providing high school students the opportunity to
interact with nature by doing research or monitoring and at the same time learn
from the results. How many times did I ask the teachers to skip the lectures
before the trip? Do not teach them until they ask for it! Let’s wait until they
have a question so that they really absorb the lesson.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Students do not need to know that they are learning, because
in reality we are all learning every day and at every moment. The key is to
separate the students from their everyday life and surround them by the
experience. You and the student, no one else, so that the experience becomes
special, mystical, just like a fantasy, a fairy tale. Learning is beautiful.
Sit with the student, give them a dissolved oxygen kit and show them how it
works and then tell them to discover how dissolved oxygen makes a difference in
the life of so many aquatic organisms in this stream. What are the results next
to the rocks? How about at the center of the stream? Go check it out! And at
the end tell me the story. You can invite more than one student to play
together. To think how they should do this. Do not give them the answer. This
is their game, and they need to think how they should play it. Testing methods
is part of the learning experience. Do the same by testing pH, Alkalinity or
collecting macroinvetrerates or Diatoms.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Calibri;">This is the order of the best learning. Discover – inquiry –
more discovery – list of questions – maybe more discovery – WEB searches –
Story telling. No teaching, to textbooks, no lab book or report no school
walls, no test. To make learning happen you need to take the students out of
their world of their problems, their friends, and their iPhone and immerse them
on an adventure. You are not just a teacher but a magic act, a guide.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-86121065444480337642012-09-23T11:43:00.000-07:002012-09-23T11:43:07.924-07:00Measuring your Environmental Education Effort
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<span style="color: red;"><o:p><span style="color: black; font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></h1>
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<span style="font-size: large;">Measuring your Environmental Education Effort<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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It may be statistically
meaningful to talk about the number of students exposed to Environmental
Education, but it is educationally meaningless.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The real unit is NOT the number
of students but the total number of contact hours for the total number of
students. That is the total number of students multiplied by the number of
hours each student has been exposed to this class. This index can help to
evaluate the program.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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The main objective of this paper
is to provide you with a measuring tool regarding exposure to the subject and
length of program.<o:p></o:p></div>
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A conscientious Environmental
Education Program should include, pre-classes, field trips, data collection,
post- classes and the production of a final project report.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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One of the most important issues
discussed by environmental educators these days is the question of doing
short-term vs. long-term programming. Is it really worth our effort doing
one-time programs that last only one hour?<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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Now, and for the last twenty
years, I have refused to do “one-shot” deals. By this I mean small programs
that last no more that 60 or maybe 90 minute in a classroom or in the field,
for no more that 30 students. All my programs are designed to provide students
with multiple exposures. I really do not think that the goals and objectives
that I pursue in environmental education can be reached in a short time. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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In order to explore this
question, we need to question ourselves about the goals and objectives of
Environmental Education. The EPA states the following in their website:<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div style="margin: 5pt 0.5in; mso-outline-level: 2; text-align: justify;">
<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;">Environmental
education (EE) increases public awareness and knowledge of environmental issues
and challenges. Through EE, people gain an understanding of how their
individual actions affect the environment, acquire skills that they can use to
weigh various sides of issues, and become better equipped to make informed
decisions. EE also gives people a deeper understanding of the environment,
inspiring them to take personal responsibility for its preservation and
restoration. </span></i><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">UNESCO/UNEP (1978)<i><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></span></div>
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The definition of Environmental Education according to the
<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt;">United Nations Environmental,
Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1975 states:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "AGaramond-Regular","serif"; mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<i><span style="font-family: "AGaramond-Italic","serif"; font-size: 16pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span>The goal of environmental education is
to develop a world population that is aware of, and concerned about, the
environment and its associated problems, and which has the knowledge, skills,
attitudes, motivations, and commitment to work individually and collectively
toward solutions of current problems and the prevention of new ones.</i><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt;"> United Nations Environmental, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 1975</span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<i><span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></i></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
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Can we accomplish these objectives in one hour? It is
possible that our cumulative effort may prove to be successful in carrying out
these objectives. It is clear that today’s school children are influenced by a
number of inputs and sources (some good and some bad) that may affect their
actions in the environmental area. Television for one has done a great job of
educating students with a large number of very well produced programs on
natural history and exploring environmental issues such as Science Explorer,
The Animal Channel and National Geographic. Most textbooks these days have been
designed to teach many subjects from an environmental point of view. In
addition environmental issues are included in our everyday life in politics, in
the newspaper and TV news and in many of our daily discussions. But on the
other hand, television news provides less than desirable short bursts of
environmental news that lack depth and accuracy in many cases.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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In addition to the issues stated
above, we also need to explore the realistic economic reasons why most nature
centers can only provide student groups with a one or maybe two-hour programs.
Schools often could not pay for several programs and afford the bussing
required to bring the students to the environmental centers. There is a cost of
the program for each child and the cost of substitute teachers and teacher
aids.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
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I<span style="font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";">n
December 1996, the National Environmental Education Advisory Council submitted
its first report to Congress on environmental education. The report made a
number of policy recommendations. One of these recommendations was to develop
measuring tools to evaluate the effectiveness of environmental education.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Swiss721BT-Medium","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<strong><em>Develop a framework and tools for measuring the
effectiveness of environmental education.<o:p></o:p></em></strong></div>
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<b><i><span style="font-family: "CharterBT-BoldItalic","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";">Quality environmental education
initiatives are well understood to have catalyzed changes in individuals’
environmental <u style="text-underline: red double;">knowledge, skills,
attitudes, and behaviors</u>. Assessment is needed to document these outcomes.
These outcomes, in turn, point to which programs, products, and services are
working – and why.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<span style="color: black;">The long-term goals of environmental education are to raise
the level of environmental literacy among Americans today and to ensure the
environmental literacy of each successive generation in order to improve
environmental and health protection and economic prosperity. Although it is
unrealistic to expect any single environmental education program to achieve these
long-term goals, it is possible to measure the short-term outcomes of a program
(such as skill development, knowledge gains, attitude changes, and the intent
to change behavior) as well as the intermediate outcomes (such as actual
changes in behavior related to practices, decisions, policies, and social
actions).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="margin: 0in 0.3in 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1;">
<span style="color: black;">Evaluation guidelines must be developed and tools must be
disseminated to ensure that measurement takes place and is conducted
consistently. In this way, outcomes of individual initiatives can be
appropriately measured and can contribute to a cumulative body of results that
point to the long-term goals of environmental education – environmental
literacy and quality of life.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="color: black; font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";">Comprehensive,
long-term evaluation should include both quantitative and qualitative
assessment strategies to provide an in-depth understanding of the effectiveness
of environmental education programs</span><span style="color: black;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";">for adults as well as
for youth.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
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Measuring <span style="font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";">knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors may not be
an easy task. Knowledge and skills can be measured by providing the students
with a pre and a post- test. Attitudes and behavior are much more difficult to
test as these characteristics are a reflex ion of the student’s day-to-day
actions.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
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<span style="font-family: "BodoniBT-Book","serif";">I
have often used pre-tests to assess the knowledge and skills of students. In
most cases I am able to assess how much they do not know but that is often a
waste of time. Post-test are essential if we want to know how successful we
were in our class. On most cases hand-on and task oriented environmental
education classes where students produce a product can be interchanged with the
pos-test. As a matter of fact, if one works with students on a long-term
project, the production of the product will always be much more intensive and a
better indicator than any post-test we can give the students. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
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The quality of our programs is
dependent on a number of things. Apart from the quality of the teacher doing
the job, which can not be easily measured, there are number of facts that
influence each program:<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
number of students in the class. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
aid provided by the schoolteacher.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
location where the program is conducted.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
resources used to teach.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
ability of providing a hands-on program.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
children’s behavior.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
time used to explore the subject or length of the program.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 8pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">Ø<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span>The
pre- and post- class materials used, including tests teaching aids and more.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
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You can fill an auditorium with
one thousand people, stand in front of the microphone and spend the next ten
minutes talking about the great importance of a sustainable environment, but
you can be sure that a few hours later these people will not even remember who
you were or what you were talking about. Only a few exceptional people such as
Jane Godley or E. Wilson can in ten minutes make an impression on a thousand. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
A regular teacher needs to use a
very different approach, one that will provide the students with lesson that
will nurture the students’ interest and comprehension of issues, and encourage
a sense of ownership and stewardship of the environment.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
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Here in Connecticut, and for a
number of years, we have provided high schools with a water quality program
called the SEARCH program. Teachers are trained once, during the summer, to
participate in the program. In many cases we have provided teachers with
equipment and other resources so that they will be able to complete the
program. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Students are introduced to
mapping, water chemistry, aquatic entomology, mathematic matrices, and other
analytical methods, data analyses, use of computers to write papers and use of
spread sheets, and we also provide them with a forum at the end of the year to
present their conclusions. Teachers can provide the data to our agency and we
also have set up quality control protocols to evaluate the quality of the data.
Students enrolled in the program spend more than two weeks working on the
project. In some cases, some of the schools complete several field visits, and
collect a considerable amount of data. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
In January 1999, Dr. Todd W.
Rofuth and Dr. Sue Holloway submitted a five year final evaluation report were
they found significant behavioral changes in students due to their
participation in the SEARCH program.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Several summers ago I completed a
new program with the SOUND SCHOOL in Hew Haven, Connecticut. During the two-week
program fifteen 9<sup>th</sup> grade students completed lectures and classes on
primary and secondary productivity. They took a boat and collected five sets of
samples in the sound at three different locations within the New Haven Harbor
and tested the samples for chlorophyll <i>a</i> and a vast array of parameters
such as Dissolved Oxygen, nitrates, phosphates, pH and much more. Two
Environmental Science college students helped the students in their tasks and
completed a similar study at the university, so that we could compare results. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
The high school students learned
about their town, and evaluated historical changes and the environmental issues
of New Haven and its harbor. In addition they became experts in water quality
testing and water quality issues. They had a great experience a great time and
ended their job with a nice tan.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
These days I have been involved
with two new programs, Project CLEAR and Project Periphyton. Both programs take
the students to the field, provide lectures to the teachers and to the students
and the information and data collected by the students is provided to several
state and federal agencies.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Educating students is not a fast
and easy job. It requires structure, patience, individualized attention and
experiential exposure. Nothing that you or anyone can do in a short time!<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
We can evaluate our programs in
total number of contact hours and we can also evaluate the impact of each
program to each student in number of contact hours per student.<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" />
</span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Here is a sample for three
different programs:<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="MsoNormalTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: currentColor; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border: 1pt solid windowtext; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Program<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
# Students<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
# Hours<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
Program evaluation (# students * Hours)<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: windowtext windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: solid solid solid none; border-width: 1pt 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
Student impact in contact hours.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
New Haven<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
15<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
98<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
1470<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
6.5<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
SEARCH<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
20<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
35<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
700<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
1.75<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Nature Center Program *<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
20<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
2<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
40<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
0.1<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-lastrow: yes;">
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext; border-style: none solid solid; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Program with field trip Pre and
Post Class **<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
20<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
9<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.55pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
180<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
<td style="background-color: transparent; border-color: rgb(0, 0, 0) windowtext windowtext rgb(0, 0, 0); border-style: none solid solid none; border-width: 0px 1pt 1pt 0px; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt; width: 88.6pt;" valign="top" width="118">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
0.45<o:p></o:p></div>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
*This would be
the classic school field trip to a nature center.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
**This would be
the same as the Nature Center Program but with added written pre-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and post-lessons for the teacher to use.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
It is our job to provide
education to as many students as possible and funders are always interested in
extending the value of the dollar invested on each program, but some times we
may be wasting our time. We need to concentrate on our goals and objectives and
not in our ability to reach a large number of students. Quality is not the
quantity of students; it is what the students learn and how that learning
affects their approach to life.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
The future of the earth and the
future of mankind are at stakes here. The importance of quality education
should not be a question. Education is not cheap and the thread of such things
as “Global Warming” or the disappearance of one species is more expensive. <o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Bibliography<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-size: 7.0pt;">1975. Definition of Environmental Education.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>United Nations Environmental, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO) </span>The world's first intergovernmental conference
on environmental education was organized by the United Nations Education,
Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in cooperation with the U.N.
Environment Programme (UNEP) and was convened in Tbilisi, Georgia (USSR) from
October 14-26, 1977. UNESCO/UNEP 1978. ‘The Tbilisi Declaration’ , Connect, Vol
3, No. 1, pp 1-8.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Hollowway, S., T. W. Rofuth, H.
Gruner, and A. Mimo. 1998. Can applied science in environmental monitoring
transform science education? The Education Forum. (62)4: 354-362.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Mimo, A. 2000. History and
Phylosophy of the SEARCH Program. New England Journal of Environmental
Education. v. 13, Number 1. 18 – 27.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
<o:p><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: x-small;"> </span></o:p></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; text-align: justify;">
Coyle, K. 2005. What Ten Years of
NEETF/ Roper Research and Related Studies Say About Environmental Literacy in
the U.S. Environmental Literacy in America. The National Environmental
Education & Training Foundation, Washigton, D.C.<o:p></o:p></div>
<br />
Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-86243932229097187702011-06-12T07:23:00.000-07:002011-06-12T07:35:43.807-07:00<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdzero0UhigRFX7zH289XPrFWXA_xvWWy3UdjSgMe9bQ7cqQqh1R66FXS-Z_hqkuN017j0x3HLW7uDmPitEXUMXqbT7PdUSe1X_KiqcnOU7PjM7DPgsEbIIag2s09zqmfmwHyESDAqICU/s1600/P6064677.JPG"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 0px 10px 10px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: right; HEIGHT: 240px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5617340665494897682" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdzero0UhigRFX7zH289XPrFWXA_xvWWy3UdjSgMe9bQ7cqQqh1R66FXS-Z_hqkuN017j0x3HLW7uDmPitEXUMXqbT7PdUSe1X_KiqcnOU7PjM7DPgsEbIIag2s09zqmfmwHyESDAqICU/s320/P6064677.JPG" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><strong>PROJECT PERIPHYTON<br />SEDIMENT SAMPLE REPORT</strong></div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div>How to complete this activity and what you can get out of it.<br /><br /><br /><br /><em>The following paper was developed for teachers and their students to have an example of the type of research that can be completed with the sediment samples obtained at Milford Point. Students can copy some of the laboratory methods or devised new ways to interpret the data. I have also included some optional reading that will help students understand the Long Island Sound Geology and its sedimentation since the last glacier event. </em></div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><div><em></em><br />Introduction<br /><br />Methods and Materials<br />A sediment sample was taken on 5/4/2011 from Milford Point in Milford, Connecticut to be analyzed for sedimentation rate and diatom content. This sediment was extracted from the muddy shore right in front of the Audubon Coastal Center using a PCV home made sediment core sampler. Latitude and Longitude was 41.17615 and -73.10107.<br />Sediment samples contain a percentage composition of sand, silt, clay and other organic and mineral components at sedimentation rates through out time.<br /><br />Based on studied completed by the University of Connecticut, at Every Point by Frank W. Bohlen (personal communications) sedimentation rate in Connecticut shores can be about one centimeter per year. The total core extracted was 35 centimeter in length. So based on that rate the oldest part of the core is about 35 years old.<br /><br />Sediment sample was taken using a home made core sampler shown on the picture. This PCV pipe contains an inner plastic tube. Core was captured by this tube. Once on the laboratory, the plastic tube was cut and the sample exposed for experimentation.<br /><br /><br /><br />In this exercise, I wanted to compare the oldest section of the core against the most recent section, so samples were taken from both ends of the core. The one referred as "the top" is the most recent one, sedimentation dated to be from the last 5 years, and the one referred as "the bottom" would be the oldest section of the core that I have estimated to be 35 years old.<br /><br />Sediment size, silt and clay content, and diatom diversity was assess from both end and the results were analyzed.<br /><br />Sediment Rate<br /><br />Sediment analysis<br />The sediment was assessed for sand vs. silt and clay and particle size content using the same methods recommended by Howard M. Weiss and Michael W. Dorsey on their Project Oceanology teacher manual Investigating The Marine Environment: Source book. 1979. Methods are reproduced in the Project Periphyton Manual.<br /><br />Diatom Biodiversity<br />Diatom biodiversity was assessed using the methods recommended by Alberto F. Mimo in my manual "Project Periphyton" 2011. . Methods are reproduced in the Project Periphyton Manual.<br /><br /><br />Sediment Composition<br />To asses the sediment composition of the core section, a small piece of core was cut using a knife, dried using a convention oven and weighted to +/- 0.1 grams.<br />Sediment then separated by using a Mini Sieve set. The Mini-Sieve set comes with 8 sieve sizes. Numbers 230, 170, 120, 80, 60, 45, 35 and 25. Sand particles include any particle that would be retained by anyone of these sieves. Anything smaller that .063 mm would be considered silt or clay.<br /><br /><br />For our experimentation I only used sieves number 25, 35, 45 and 60 corresponding to particle size .71 mm, .5 mm. , .355 mm. and .25 mm. Smaller sieves are impractical to use, so anything that pass through my smaller filter was consider < .25 mm. Water was used to force particles through the filters. At the end all particles captured were dried and weighted. Two samples were selected, one from the top of the core, corresponding to new sediments and one from the bottom of the core corresponding to about 35 years ago. Results Sediment dry weight and percentage 35 years old T W Size 25 Size 35 Size 45 Size 60 Size >60<br />Weight (gr.) 16.6 2.1 1.7 2.1 2.3 8.4<br />% 12.6506 10.24096 12.6506 13.85542 50.60241<br />New Sample 11.9 1.1 1.4 1 2.9 5.5<br />% 9.243697 11.76471 8.403361 24.36975 46.21849<br /><br />See Graph.<br /><br /><br />Conclusions<br />During the last 35 years there has been very little change in the sediment composition left on the shore of Milford Point. Composition of sediment sizes are very similar. During that time, the most significant change has been on sediment size corresponding to .25 mm. in size with a negative change of 10.51 percent. Small particle size of < .25 mm which includes some sand, sit and clay have a positive change of 4.39 percent during the last 35 years. See graph.<br /><br /><br /><br />Science Education is not about answers but about questions. Our objective is to provide students with materials that will bring up their interest and curiosity. In this sedimentation rate exercise we know that there has been sedimentation changes through the 35 years. The questions are why and how this changes have affected the shore and the environment. Our job now will be to ask the students to come up with theories based of additional readings that can answer some of their questions. I have included some materials that will help students have a better understanding of sedimentation in the Long Island Sound.<br /><br />Literature Reviews<br /><br />Frank W. Bohlen. Phd. MIT Woods Hole<br />University of Connecticut, Avery Point Campus, Groton, CT.<br />From his website:<br />My research program is designed to increase our understanding of the dynamics governing the transport of fine-grained sediments in coastal and estuarine waters. In broad outline, this program consists of three principal components: field and laboratory experimental studies, instrument design and development, and numerical computer modeling. The field and laboratory investigations seek primarily to document the response of the sediment-water interface to both long-term persistent and short-term aperiodic, storm related factors. Many of the instrument systems required to obtain these observations have been designed and constructed at the University of Connecticut. Data provided by the deployment of these arrays in a variety of coastal environments has shown the interfacial response to be highly non-linear and significantly variable in both space and time. Such variability complicates specification of transport algorithms in numerical predictive models. Ongoing work seeks to extend and refine these observations to permit resolution of the specific factors governing transport non-linearities including consideration of biologically mediated variations in sediment fabric, particulate associated alterations in boundary shear stress, and advective effects associated with variations in the local flow field.<br />The experimental work will require continuing redesign and modification of the available instrument arrays. Existing optical systems, presently used to monitor suspended material concentrations, are to be improved and supplemented by a variety of acoustic systems in order to increase both spatial and temporal resolution. In addition, the field arrays are to be supplemented by a series of sensors intended to detail the fabric of the sediment column in the immediate vicinity of the sediment-water interface. A number of systems are to be tested including radioactive probes, acoustic and electromagnetic systems and simple mechanical probes with ultimate selection based on simplicity of operation and reliability and the potential to yield vertical resolution over scales of 1 mm or less.Patterns of recruitment, abundance and dominance within several subtidal communities in southern New England have been found to persist year after year over large areas of the bottom. This long-term persistence is not expected in such an open system with disturbances continually creating open patches for recruiting larvae whose identity and abundances change both temporally and spatially. Present research suggests that the persistence results from strong local control of recruitment that overrides any variability in larval production and dispersal of species from outside a site. We have been testing this hypothesis by conducting manipulative field experiments which delineate abiotic and biotic controls of local recruitment and how these affect community establishment and development.The variety of experimental work is being complemented by concurrent continuing development of a series of numerical models intended to incorporate the laboratory and field data for calibration purposes and to permit the extension of these data in space and time for predictive purposes.<br />Publications<br />Fredette, T.J., W.F. Bohlen and D.C. Rhoads. 1988. Erosion and resuspension effects of Hurricane Gloria at Long Island Sound dredged material disposal sites. Proc. Of Water Quality 1988. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Hydraulic Engineering Center, Davis, CA. Fenster, M.S., D.M. Fitzgerald, W.F. Bohlen, R.S. Lewis and C.T. Baldwin. 1990. Stability of giant sand waves in eastern Long Island Sound. U.S.A. Marine Geol. 91: 207-225.Bohlen, W.F. 1990. Ocean disposal of particulate wastes: practices, properties and processes. In: K.R. Demars and R.C. Cheney (eds.). Geotechnical Aspects Of Ocean Waste Disposal. Amer. Soc. for Testing and Materials, Spec. Pub.Bohlen, W.F., D.R. Cohen and M.M. Howard-Strobel. 1992. An Investigation of Sedimentation Induced by Gas Pipeline Laying Operations in the Vicinity of the Oyster Bed Lease Areas, Milford, CT. Prepared for Iroquois Gas Transmission System. Shelton, CT. 40 pp. & Figs.Bohlen, W.F., D.R. Cohen and M.M. Howard-Strobel. 1992. An Investigation of Water Column Currents and Suspended Sediment Dispersion Associated with Dredged Material Disposal Operations, Cornfield Shoals Disposal Site, Eastern Long Island Sound. Prepared for Science Applications international Corporation. Newport, RI. 49 pp. & Figs.Lissner, A., C. Phillips, E. Waddell, P. Hamilton, A. Barnett, D. Diener, P. Raimondi and W.F. Bohlen. 1995. Monitoring Assessment of Long-term Changes in Biological Communities in the Santa Maria Basin: Phase III. Report submitted to US Department of Interior Minerals Management Service/National Biological Service. Cont. No. 14-35-0001-30584.Bohlen, W.F., M.M. Howard-Strobel, D.R. Cohen and E.T. Morton. 1996. An Investigation of the Dispersion of the Sediments Resuspended by Dredging Operations in New Haven Harbor. Submitted to New England Division, US Army Corps of Engineers. Waltham, MA.<br /><br /><br />Charles W Ellis<br />Marine Sedimentary Environmnets in the Vicinity of the Norwalk Islands, CT. 1962<br />State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut, 1962. Bulletin Number 94.<br /><br />S. Jeffress Williams<br />Geological Framework Data from Long Island Sound, 1981-1990<br />USGS Digital Data Release, U.S Geological Suvey Open-File Report 02-002<br /><br /><br />Diatom Diversity<br /><br />Diatom Analysis<br /><br />I have compared the diatom composition of both sides of the core, the newest end probably no more than 5 years old and the bottom of the core which we presume to be 35 years old.<br />Small piece of sediment was taken using a spatula and dissolved in a small amount of water. This sediment can be clean using paleontology methods, but for the purpose of this exercise, I have just look at the sediment with a compound microscope at X400 magnification and sometimes at x1000.<br /><br /><br />Sample diatom<br /><br />Diatoms are covered with silica and they are practically indestructible, so one can find diatoms on the sample. I have placed a small drop of sediment/water on a regular microscope slide and pan through the slide in search for diatoms. When I have found a diatom I have made a drawing of the specimen and take a picture with my microscope camera. Pictures are not necessary. My objective was to find as many different diatoms as possible. I am not looking at the abundance, just at the diversity. I also have compared the diatoms to pictures found in several diatom keys and identified the organisms as much as it was possible.<br /><br />Results<br /><br />I was able to identify a total of 9 different taxa from the bottom of the core, the old sediment, and 13 different taxa from the new sediment. There was higher diversity and much more abundance of organism in my new sediment.<br />Here are some of the picture I took.<br /><br /><br />Cyclotela<br /><br />Closterium<br /><br />Stauroneis<br /><br />Correct identification of Diatoms is very difficult. But trying is a great exercise and will provide your students with a challenge.<br />Diatom diversity will be a direct outcome of a better and less polluted environment. Thirty five years ago would have been somwhere in 1975, the very beginning of the environmental movement and the establishment of the Clean Water Act. I can see that we may have had some improvement over this past 35 years that would be reflected on our samples.<br /><br />Additional Reading from websites<br /><br />http://www.epa.gov/regulations/laws/cwa.html<br />http://www.epa.gov/owow/watershed/wacademy/acad2000/cwa/<br />http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatom<br />http://www.globalissues.org/<br /><br />The Diatoms: Biology and Morphology of the General F. E Round. Cambrige University Press.<br /><br />Monitoring Coastal Environments Using Foraminifera and Thecamoebia Indicators. David B. Scott, Franco S. Medioli and Charles T. Schafer. Cambridge University Press.<br /><br />The Ecology of Fresh Water Phytoplankton. C.S Reynolds. Cambridge University Press.<br /><br /><br /></div>Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-43634675462675007442010-11-27T12:18:00.000-08:002010-11-27T12:20:28.691-08:00Vernal Pool Project 2010<br /><br />Introduction<br />Two vernal pools in Connecticut were study during the month of April for macroinvertebrate populations. The first pools was located at Flanders Nature Center in Woodbury and the second pool was located at Web Mountain in Monroe.<br />All the macroinveterbates were collected using a dip net, preserved in alcohol and identified later to the farther possible taxa. Both pools were populated by spring pipers and wood frogs.<br /><br />Pool locations<br />Pool at Flanders is a latitude of 41.60010 decimal degrees and a longitude of - 73. 20289 decimal degrees. The pool at Web mountain is located at a latitude of 41.36488 decimal degrees and a longitude of - 73. 17296 decimal degrees. This pool was 3 times larger that the pool at Flanders.<br /><br />Results<br /><br />Flanders<br /><br />Number Group Taxa<br />39 Crustacea Caedidotea Communis<br />17 Gastropoda Physa heterostropha<br />2 Insecta Chaulionidae spp. (Megaloptera)<br />2 Insecta Leptophobia spp. (Ephemeroptera)<br />6 Insecta Cromagrion spp. (Odonata)<br />1 Insecta Limnephilidae (Platycentropus ?) (Tricoptera)<br />4 Gastropoda Veneroida spp.<br />1 Insecta Pyralidae (Lepidoptera)<br /><br />Web Mountain<br /><br />31 Crustacea Caecidotea Communis (Isopods)<br />1 Gastropoda Fingernail Clam (sphaerium spp.)<br />1 Insecta Megaloptera (Corydalus spp.)<br />21 Insect Beetles (Coleoptera) Prionocyphon spp.<br />8 Insecta Midges (Chironomidae)<br />2 Insecta Phanton midges (Chaoboridae)<br />1 Insecta Adult Cadisfly (Trichoptera)<br />7 Insecta Primitive minnow mayflies (siphlonuridae)<br />1 Arachnida Spider<br />1 Insecta Dult beetle (Coleoptera)<br />1 Insecta Damselfly (Coenagrionidae)<br />1 Insecta Coleoptera (Elmidae)<br /><br /><br />Conclusions<br />In both pools the community was composed mainly of crustaceans, gastropods and insects. Isopod crustaceans were intensely abundant, Fingernail Clams appeared in both pools. There was a broader variety of insect orders between both pools. The size of the pool may have been the limiting factor for the insect population at Flanders. Diptera was much more abundant in the larger pool.Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-25046292275559478312010-07-24T19:20:00.000-07:002010-11-30T16:36:44.414-08:00Bog at its best<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG0xAhSSwEzkvIVeXTc_ffTpF7LLG9JgHdwEWGBQDUQAvbCMaPm8Gnr80otuITOYPwNwroN_aSJDpsJ8Itzgh_GkxasPr78u3nN55rzvf5HejFpKVtxwgMDJdrNXyRxZAb5nTDkwjmauU/s1600/P7163944.JPG"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 150px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5497668658327182034" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG0xAhSSwEzkvIVeXTc_ffTpF7LLG9JgHdwEWGBQDUQAvbCMaPm8Gnr80otuITOYPwNwroN_aSJDpsJ8Itzgh_GkxasPr78u3nN55rzvf5HejFpKVtxwgMDJdrNXyRxZAb5nTDkwjmauU/s200/P7163944.JPG" /></a><br /><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0YoRStBijmh9NsH5bhEowYz_r1MilxGplftfZGqkWhMLmH4meAeKnsxmZH5ddt2JwqY07NlVhncWxwzRMYd7aQFzWGsw1aK_YMaRQv5HsFNHFT53l_uSmrHCjkVV_Th-z0GqkbvkvHck/s1600/P7163951.JPG"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 150px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5497668144247719010" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0YoRStBijmh9NsH5bhEowYz_r1MilxGplftfZGqkWhMLmH4meAeKnsxmZH5ddt2JwqY07NlVhncWxwzRMYd7aQFzWGsw1aK_YMaRQv5HsFNHFT53l_uSmrHCjkVV_Th-z0GqkbvkvHck/s200/P7163951.JPG" /></a><br /><br /><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5gFQ4l-CiHpDdZpcBwjYDsUhR_pM2wvE5_KtBpj9Ydry7lUGITIwnXzjKRiHomuDVoIGWlA830gBXQMRW6BiDV7_WAKhrnrM-Gp4-W2yqmnRSkUDb5oD7mqbBuDGfmOYfdsayMuTUI_U/s1600/P7163956.JPG"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 200px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 150px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5497663929092706898" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5gFQ4l-CiHpDdZpcBwjYDsUhR_pM2wvE5_KtBpj9Ydry7lUGITIwnXzjKRiHomuDVoIGWlA830gBXQMRW6BiDV7_WAKhrnrM-Gp4-W2yqmnRSkUDb5oD7mqbBuDGfmOYfdsayMuTUI_U/s200/P7163956.JPG" /></a><br /><br /><br /><div>In one of my recent vacations I traveled to West Quoddy Head State Park in Lubec, Maine. This beautiful seashore park is the eastern most point in the Continental United States. A wonderful shore location along steep hills and cliffs that grab the attention of most travelers.<br />Inside the park and along the mayor trail is a black spruce bog where I took some of these pictures. Here anyone can find unbelievable pitchers plants, sundew, Labrador tea, and many more typical artic or tundra plants. These 10 acre bog is a classroom at its best. Lovely to see when the fog comes in from the shore and lightens its mystic character for everyone there to see. Enjoy the pictures and if you need information on how to get there write me a note!</div><br /><br /><div></div><br /><br /><div></div></div></div>Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-20635747910557303162010-04-28T06:55:00.000-07:002010-04-28T07:03:21.705-07:00<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOimux0uRncy-sZAQV5TGx0H1naRNrxswTDzlqTvkfP0jYyJdJawRqiC_KZ7ZTqLqN-RTAhPa_1SBQ28SZJU7xpNVddVxyaQtKaPe024CVCB-kD41C2JcT7BCABi0vR5C3jsnfS4gK14w/s1600/P4270019.JPG"><img style="MARGIN: 0px 10px 10px 0px; WIDTH: 320px; FLOAT: left; HEIGHT: 240px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5465188642122393922" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOimux0uRncy-sZAQV5TGx0H1naRNrxswTDzlqTvkfP0jYyJdJawRqiC_KZ7ZTqLqN-RTAhPa_1SBQ28SZJU7xpNVddVxyaQtKaPe024CVCB-kD41C2JcT7BCABi0vR5C3jsnfS4gK14w/s320/P4270019.JPG" /></a><br /><div>Web Mountain Park is a small preserved located in Monroe. Last week some of my high School kids spotted this female Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) seating on its eggs.<br />It was amazing to me the ability of this bird to hide in the woods next to a large tree and close to a small stream. Go out there! Open your eyes! And you will discover the wonders of nature.</div>Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-91777148559359336992010-04-22T11:59:00.001-07:002010-04-22T12:05:15.519-07:00<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVvKl4sb19BlZ7YhYRyJ9Oj4PfobWTRRVXX6ONmancg1QSuC9HW3wH2Sv6Rg-NLPxVwGgfdZ68NOpIaro5q5s4cL5qNKwJA2DVlp2o-7-SMkNt45Oe0mItCMnW42q0-HqMglNDduJ87rw/s1600/P4200024.JPG"><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 240px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5463039567498721266" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVvKl4sb19BlZ7YhYRyJ9Oj4PfobWTRRVXX6ONmancg1QSuC9HW3wH2Sv6Rg-NLPxVwGgfdZ68NOpIaro5q5s4cL5qNKwJA2DVlp2o-7-SMkNt45Oe0mItCMnW42q0-HqMglNDduJ87rw/s320/P4200024.JPG" /></a><br /><div>A word on Invasive Japanese Knotweed<br /><br />Invasive plants are an alarming problem, and especially when a patch of these plants are found on a central area within a nature sanctuary. Two days ago as I was hiking inside the white trail in the Whittemore Sanctuary in Middlebury, CT. I found an impressive Japanese Knotweed patch within a forested clearing. This growth will expand to new areas if not carefully eradicated.<br />Japanese Knotweed or Polygonum cuspidatum also known with the names of Mexican bamboo, Japanese’s fleece flower or crimson beauty is a persistent plant that is very difficult to eradicate. It requires annual and consistent cut or pull sometimes 2 or 3 times during the growing season. Some herbicides will also help.<br />This plant can change the ecosystem by quickly spreading to form dense patches that will exclude native plant populations. It can survive floods, high salinities, and can cause structural damage to foundations.Walk you favorite nature area and look for invasive plants that if eradicated soon will keep the nature area pristine. Alberto F. Mimo</div>Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-58303517724948690612009-08-26T07:46:00.000-07:002009-10-04T08:55:31.567-07:00The art of the NaturalistBy Alberto F. Mimo<br /><p>Jimsonweed at a Rhode Island Beach<br /><br />Datura stramonium is a rather large annual herb that was flowering at Roger Wheeler State Beach. This beautiful and toxic plant contains Totropane Alkaloids that can cause hallucinations and death. I took these pictures for your enjoyment.</p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLsqZ2j9w_9H5UmM3hnb65iwQEjkaoeZiVfOTQGqDUISf8mLM3Y4mJ7ehVTsyvfUuZFIbHwF0gBtOopsKsAHocfta2o3AA_cH3EVh-6-mHqlp5bFDjHjFpoltkshOs4qtJqakJ7onL4YE/s1600-h/P8042982.JPG"><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 320px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 240px; CURSOR: hand" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5374286367867765138" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLsqZ2j9w_9H5UmM3hnb65iwQEjkaoeZiVfOTQGqDUISf8mLM3Y4mJ7ehVTsyvfUuZFIbHwF0gBtOopsKsAHocfta2o3AA_cH3EVh-6-mHqlp5bFDjHjFpoltkshOs4qtJqakJ7onL4YE/s320/P8042982.JPG" /></a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><strong>Some important points to remember</strong><br /><br /><br /><ul><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">You do not have to walk around the world and know what everything is!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Walk with a sense of discover!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Feel just like if you were Humboldt or maybe Darwin!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Choose one plant</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Is a tree, or maybe a shrub, or forbs?<br /></span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">f it is forbs, is it a flowering plant, a grass or maybe a fern, or one of the non- vascular plants like a moss?</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Work your way with the right ID book and find what it is?</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Start to fill in your data sheet and ask all the questions. Spend time with each question! This is not a race to see who can ID the most plants. This is an experience, the experience of the scientist, the naturalist!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Is your plant found only here? Do I find it everywhere?</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Is your plant rare? </span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">To what family does it belongs?</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Draw a sketch, Take a picture, and Test the pH of the soils!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Oh soils! How much is there to learn about them and how little attention we pay to them! Using the web you can learn lots about the particular soils where you found your plant. Use the tools you have around you, we are not anymore in the Stone Age! Tools are the web, microscopes, GPS units, Maps of all kinds, Books and more books</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Can you write something about this plant? If you can’t use books and the web to get information</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">A plant is not just a plant, it lives with a community, is found within a particular season, it inhabits a special place! Take a look at the whole subject, not just the plant! Habitat, habitat, habitat! Nitch, nitch, nitch!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Take measurements, calculate percent cover, dominance. Use plant-measuring techniques!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Spend time with your plant; take a good look at it. Look at its leaves, the flowers, the fruit, and the roots! Every one of these parts evolved with a particular idea in mind. Why is your plant the way it is? How does it relates to its nitch?</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Are there any friends with your plant? It is being eaten by some insect. Interspecific relationships between different organisms are some of the important things to note, don’t miss the opportunity!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Take a sample, press it carefully, once it’s dry, mount it with care, make a label. Go back to your notes and sketches and work with them to fine tune your work!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Add your collection to you database; have you have collected it before? If so, where? Compare the two collections.</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Each plant belongs to a family; each family has its own story. Learn about all that!</span></li><br /><br /><li><span style="font-family:courier new;font-size:130%;">Take your time and learn the ways of a good naturalist!<br /></span><br />Notes from RI</li></ul>Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4161391905274307822.post-81740957103527398142009-04-27T18:36:00.000-07:002009-04-27T18:38:26.906-07:00The Connecticut World of CrayfishBy Alberto F. Mimo<br />nenaturalist@sbcglobal.net<br />This spring and summer I will be completing an inventory of Crayfish living in ponds and lakes in Connecticut, so during the last few weeks I have been setting up traps at a number of lakes in the northwest.<br />In the past I have been able to identify three separate genus: Procambarus, Cambarus and Orconectes . The State of Connecticut Fisheries has also come to the same conclusion. I have accounted for a total of 11 species. Most of our work has been concentrated in rivers and streams. Lakes and Ponds have not been thoroughly researched. Last week I read a paper published on the North Eastern Naturalist regarding the infestation of small ectosymbiont annelid known as a Branchiobdellida (Stuart R. Gelder, Lana Mcrry, and Evan Gwillian, North Eastern Naturalist, V 16, 2009, 45-52). As it happen two of the Crayfish collected from Bantam River were heavily infected with this annelid. Two species for the price of one! It appears that such an infestation has not been recorded in New England until now and it will be something to look after with all the climate changes we are experiencing.Alberto Mimohttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06514743591064152346noreply@blogger.com0